Technological innovation (digitalization / hydrogen/ CCUS‚ etc.)

Updating of legislation on substances that deplete the ozone layer and greenhouse global warming
The Republic of San Marino is a party to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that deplete the Ozone Layer. The government intends to ratify the Kigali amendment to the Montreal Protocol. This amendment envisages the adoption of measures to gradually reduce the production and use of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). HFCs are organic compounds used mainly in refrigeration systems, air conditioning and heat pumps; they have widely replaced CFCs and HCFCs, which are the main causes of the ozone hole. However, HFCs are greenhouse gases with a high global warming potential (GWP), much more intense than carbon dioxide and, therefore, have a strong impact on the climate. Global implementation of the Kigali amendment would prevent up to 100 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent emissions by 2050, while being one of the most cost-effective measures. This could avoid up to 0.4 ° C of global warming by the end of this century and would significantly contribute to the Paris Agreement goal of limiting global temperature rise to as much as 2 ° C. This can be also an opportunity to redesign cooling equipment that is more energy efficient, further increasing climate gains. Therefore, after ratifying the Kigali amendment, the government will update Law no. 38 of 5 April 2012, which establishes a system of authorisation for the use of HFCs, controls on import and use and sanctions.

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